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Industrial Control Systems Security

  What are Industrial Control Systems Industrial Control Systems (ICS) are a category of devices, systems, networks, and controls used to operate and/or automate industrial processes. ICS encompasses several types of control systems, including: Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA):  Used for remote monitoring and control of industrial processes spread across large geographic areas. Common in industries like oil and gas, water treatment, and electric power distribution. Distributed Control Systems (DCS):  Primarily used within a single location or facility, DCS controls production processes that are more localized, such as in chemical plants, refineries, and manufacturing facilities. Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC): Industrial digital computers used to control manufacturing processes, machinery, or factory assembly lines. PLCs are highly reliable and capable of withstanding harsh industrial environments.  Key Features of ISC Automation and Control ICS...
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Key Cybersecurity Challenges and Effective Defense Strategies

  Ransomware attack A ransomware attack is a malicious cyber incident where attackers use specialized software to encrypt files or block access to a computer system. This encryption renders the victim's data inaccessible until a ransom is paid to the attackers. Typically, the ransom demand is made in cryptocurrency to make it harder to trace. These attacks can occur through various means, such as phishing emails, compromised websites, or exploiting vulnerabilities in software. Once the ransomware infiltrates a system, it quickly spreads and encrypts files, causing significant disruption to individuals or organizations. Ransomware attacks are financially motivated, and victims may face severe consequences, including data loss, financial damages, reputational harm, and potential legal liabilities. Some key strategies to help protect against ransomware: Regular Data Back Up Create a strong backup strategy to regularly protect vital data and systems. Make sure backups are securely stor...
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Ensuring Digital Trust: The Essential Role of Information System Auditors in Uncertain Business Environment Globally

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Industry experts predict that the number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices will exceed 50 billion by the end of 2050. This indicates that more consumers and enterprises are going digital, making digital trust more important than ever (Gopikrishna Butaka, ISACA journal, volume 2, 2022). Digital trust refers to the level of confidence that individuals or organizations have in the security, reliability, and integrity of digital technologies, systems, and data. In today's digital age, trust is critical in building and maintaining relationships between organizations and their stakeholders, including customers, investors, and regulators. Digital trust encompasses several elements, including: Security: This refers to the protection of digital assets from unauthorized access, theft, or damage. Reliability: This refers to the consistent performance of digital systems and technologies, without interruption or failure. Integrity: This refers to the accuracy and completeness of digital data,...
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